Safety lock



Nov. 4 1924.

- 1,514,318 E. W. HENRIKSSON SAFETY LocK Filed lay 1919 9 2 sheets-sheet. 1

E. W. HENRIKSSON SAFETY LOCK 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 A Filodvllay 29 1919 Patented Nov. d, 1.9241

UN'l'lFlE S'EFES FATENT QFFICE.

EMIL WILHELM HENRKSSON, OF HELSINGFGRS, FINLAND, ASSIGNOR T0 JOSEF HER- MAN NORDQVIST, OF HELSINGFGR-S, FINLAND.

SAFETY LOCK.

'Application filed 'May 29, 1919. Serial No. 300,753.

To @ZZ whom t may concern: f

Be it known that l, EMIL WILHELM HEN- nrKssoN, a subject of Finland, residing at Helsingforsg Finland, have invented a new and useful Safety Lock, of which the following is a specification. `f

This invention is an improved Vlock adapted for use on doors, safes, boxes and the like and also adapted for use as a padlock,

The object of the invention is to provide an improved-lock including key actuated mechanism for operating the bolt from the outer side of the door on which the lock is used and also including manually operable means for the bolt arranged on the inner side of the door.

Another object is to provide an improved lock including manually operable means to secure the bolt either in locked positionor in retracted or unlocked position.

Another object is to provide improved means llor holding the bolt in` its single throw position which means are released to permit of the full throw of thebolt by its contact with the strike plate as t-he door approaches its closed position.

A further object isrto provide improved means for locking the bolt against'retraction when in its single throw position.

A further object is to provide means operable from the inside of the door for dead locking the bolt when in its single throw position and independent means for dead locking the bolt in its double throw position, said vlatter means being operable to release the bolt by .the bolt retractingf-means.

With the above and other objects inview the invention consists in the construction, combination and arrangement of 'devices hereinafter described and claimed@ f ln the accompanying drawings: c

Figure 1 is a plan of my improved lock, with the cover removed and theffbolt and its coacting parts in the positionas'sumed thereby when the bolt is double locked. 7

Figure 2 is a vertical central sectional view of the same.

Figure 3 isl a. diagrammatic plan of the same withsome of the parts removed and showing the knob 14, member 15, and the members 6 and 8 in double locked position.

Figure l is a similar view'showing the bolt and tappet 6 in one bolt locked position and the arm 15 in working position.

Figure 5 is a transverse sectional view of the lock.

Figure 6 isa detail sectional view of the key actuated mechanism on a plane disclosing the first disc.

Figure 7 is a similar view'of the same as in' the position when the lock is being operated.

Figure 8 is a similar view of the same in locking r position-and on a. plane disclosing the last disc. f

Figure 9 isa similar view of the same in position `when being opened. p i

Figure 10 is asimilar view of the saine in locking position and on aplane disclosing the third disc.

Figure 11 is a similarview of the same in opening position and on a, plane disclosing the ninth disc'.

r'Figure 12 isa detail elevation. of the key actuated mechanism.

Figure 13 is a plan of the same. f

Figures 14, l5y and 16 are detail views of the keyon anr enlarged scale. i

`Figure y17 isa detail sectional view of the cylinder and the bolt 21.v

Figure 18 is a detail elevation of the same.

yThe lock case 1 may be of any suitable form, is adapted tobesecured on the inner side of a doorandv is provided in'its opposite side walls' with notches la, 1b. The bolt 2 yis ymovable:through an opening in the inner end" wall of ythe lock case an'dis provided on vthe inner sides with Aan 'angle plate or arm which operates in the lock case and is provided with a curved transversely extending slot y5, which'kslot has an arm 5a which is parallel'to one Aside of the lock case. A bridge 9 extends across the lock case and a pairv of parallel l'rods 10 extend through the bridge and' are fastenedk'to the' angle plate 4i behindthe bridge 9,`throughvopen` ings in the angle plate 4 and also through the openings in the bridge 9, said rods serving to guide the movements ofthe bolt. The springs 11 arearranged on said rods and bear against the bridgeand the angle'plate and serve to normally project the bolt. The outer movement/"of the bolt in its latch positoi .iS limited by a hook 12 which is pivoted as at 53 to the plate d and is pressed against the projection 13 with which the Wall 'ot' the lock case is provided as in Fig. el.

A tappet 6 projects from a. circular plate 8 which is mounted for rotation in the outer side of the lock case, said tappet operating in the slot of the angle plate 4C. Said plate 8 has a non-circular central opening 34 to receive a correspondingly shaped connecting bar 29 trom the cylinder lock.

To enable thebolt to be mamially operated from inside the door I provide a knobll Which has a short hub 1which is mounted for rotation in an opening in the innerfside of the lock case and is provided at its inner end With a bolt operating` arm 15. To enable the bolt to be dead locked when either in projected or retracted position, lprovide a detentI 15 which is pivota'lly mounted as at 16 in the lock case and bridge and is provided With a plurality of spaced lugs 161 any one of Which may be yturned into engage# ment with the inner arm eta of the plate 4.-. A knob 15b lisl provided at Lthe outer end of said-detent to enable the same to be readily turned.

fT he key actuated mechanism for operating the bolt from outside" the door includes a cylinder 18`vvhich yhas lugs 19 at its inner open end and an annular iiange at its closed outer end. Bolts 16 which engage threaded openings in saidv lugs 'secure the cylinder to the lock case and pass through the door between them, the cylinder being morticed in the door andan escutcheon ring 17 being` proA vided which is held by said bolt between the flange head'or outer end of the cylinder and the outer side of the door.v Saidcylinder has a key hole in the iianged head thereof' and in said cylinder is mounted a sleeve 22 which has a socket at its inner end in-Which the connecting bar 29 is secured. l-lence when the sleeve is turned by means vot a key the plate 8 is also turned and caused to operate the bolt 2 as Will be understood. The sleeve 22 is provided near its inner end with a diametric opening in Which operates the arm 21a of ar bolt 21 Which tumbler is ar ranged for radial movement in a slot 21 in'one side ol the sleeve. Said tumbler vvhen projected may be engaged in either oit a pair of grooves 20, 20a in the inner side ot the Wall ofthe cylinder and which are arrangedfat right angles to each other as shown -infFigures G to 11 inclusive, A cover Slis provided for the'open end ci the sleeve. A series ot discs are arranged in the sleeve and may be of any suitable number nine ot said discs being here shown and said discs being designated 'by the reference numeral 25.A Each disc has a suitable central opening t0 receive the stem of the key 28 and also has a peripheral notch 27 to receive the bolt 21 When the disc is in such position that said notch is opposite either the groove 20 `liigures 6 and 7.

or the groove 20a. The discs are separated trom eachother by spacer' discs 30 which also have openings to receive the key and are provided with peripheral projections 30 which engage in a slot 26 in one'side of the sleeve 22. Hence said spacer discs turn With said sleeve and this is also true of cover disc 31 of said sleeve. The position ofthe notches 27 varies in the several discs With relation to the eccentric part of the key hole ot the discs, and said notches must be in a certain position for each disc and With rei'- erence to the key and key hole to renderl it possible to operate the lock. l/ilhen the notch 27 is out of alignment with either of vthe grooves 20, 20at the tumbler is held by the discs iirmlyin engagement With one ot said grooves and hence the turning ot' the sleeve is prevented and it is yimpossible to With-y draw the bolt. f l

rllhe shank of the keyis shaped to conform to the openings in the discs. and cover 31'1 lll/*hen the key is-inserted it is: then turned tothe right and caused to push or partly turn the discs one after anotherl indue order,

dependent von the size of the keys center angle., beginning with the smallest one, Fig? ure 10. Wlhen the discs have all been turned by the key their notches 27 are arranged in alignment with each other and also With the tumbler 21 and further turning of the discs in the sleeve is prevented by the cover 31 with Which the bolt engages; The lock is then in opening position as in Figures 5, 1 9 and 11. It the key is turned further to the right the cover 31 is also turned togetheil Withthe sleeve 22. rllhe oblique surface of the grooves 2G or 20a then pushes the tu1n bler into the notches 27 and thus joins the discs 25 with the sleeve 22. The latter can now be easily turned, to operate the bolt, as Will be understood. c

The key actsupon all tumbler discs in the same Way excepting upon the lirst disc and on that `tumbler disc Which is right close to the'stationary tumbler disc 31. That part of the key Twhich corresponds to the first disc has the shape ot the key hole as indicated in lhen the key is Withdrawn it is turnedr tothe left, The tumbler disc 25 which is directly in the rear of the stationary tumbler disc 31 also is selected so that it is in mutual cooperationl with a sector of the hej/.having the full cross-section ofthe key. This tumbler discj however7 must then be in conformity with the iirst mentioned lifting tumbler at the bottom of the cy-lnider.v lt is justas simple to use instead of a tumbler disc .an intermediary disc 30 having the thickness of a tumbler disc. The main thing is that the key as shown in Figs. 14 and 16 has a .complete or full crosssection in this part, for the key can then only be removed yfrom the lock after it has been returned to that position in which it had been inserted. This arrangement also safeguards the accurate axial division of the key in proportion to the respective tumbler discs. It thereby turns only the rst disc which in turn turns the sleeve 22 until the tumbler 21 is in line with either the groove 20 or the groove 20a whereupon the oblique surface of the notch 27, Figures 6 and 7, on the first disc which corresponds to a similar oblique surface on the tumbler 21, Figures 2, 5, 6 and 7, lifts up the same.

When the lock is to be retracted by the key when in its latch position the procedure is as follows: The key is inserted and turned to the right. The discs are turned successively in an order corresponding to the notches on the key until the bolt 21 is engaged in the notches 27. By a continued turning to the right the plate 8 is turned by the rod 29 and hence the bolt 2 is drawn inwardly by the tappet 6. To withdraw the key it must be first turned to the left. This causes 'the sleeve 22 and the discs 25 to come into such relation that the tumbler 21 is pushed into the groove 20. While this is being done the springs l1 project the bolt 2.

To double lock the lock or to throw the bolt to its lock'position the procedure is the same until the bol-t is entirely withdrawn whereupon the key is further turned onehalf turn to the right. This causes the tappet 6 to press against the edge of the hook 12, so that the same runs free on the projection 13. At the same time the bolt is pushed out to about its double effective length inde pendently of the springs 11. When it is double bolt locked, the radius of the plate 8 which carries the tappet 6 coincides with the direction of movement of the bolt, Figures 2 and 3, and thus rendering it impossible to push in the bolt until the plate 8 has been first turned. When the bolt is pushed out to its full length the central portion of the arm 15 lies in a slot on the angle curved end of the posterior of the plate 4t, Figures 1, 2 and 3, thus preventing the knob 14 from turning and hence preventing the opening of the lock from the inside. To withdraw the key it should be turned to the left, thus causing the sleeve 22 to turn until the tumbler 21 is in engagementwith the groove 20a.

My improved lock cannot be picked, op erates without the employment of springs, may be constructed so as to require the successive use of a number of different keys and hencev is entirely suitable for use on safe deposit boxes and for other similar uses. It is impossible to make a duplicate key that will fit the lock from an impression. The key may be small and the entire length of its spindle is employed. The lock can be double locked only by one complete turn of the key and can be released from double locked position with only a three-fourths turn. The position of the lock as to being single bolt locked or double locked kcan always be noted by the position of the key handle when thekey is withdrawn or ine serted.

Having thus described my invention, l claim: y

1. A safety lock comprising a cylinder. and a number of discs therein arranged to revolve on their. centres, said discs being provided with seinicircular axial holes, uniform in size and shape and through which holes the key extends.

2. A safety lock comprising a cylinder, and a number of discs therein arranged to revolve on their centres, said discs being provided with semicircular axial holes, uniform in size and shape and through which holes the key extends, said discs being also fitted with notches in the periphery, and so arranged that one side of the notch facilitates they lifting of a fastening bolt, the notches being arranged in deiini'te, variable position in relation to the key hole.

.fr safety lock comprising a cylinder, and a number of discs therein arranged to revolve on their centres, said discs being provided with semici'rcular axial holes, uniform in size and shape and through which holes the key extends, said discs being also litted with notches in the periphery, and so arranged that one side of the notch facilitates the lifting of a fastening bolt, the notches being arranged in definite, variable position in relation to the key hole, said cylinder having recesses, one side of each of which is slanting, to facilitate the movement of the fastening bolt.

Li. A key for safety locks of the class de-V scribed comprising a stem of semicircular cross section with sector shaped recesses of varying depth and with slanting bottoni surfaces all radially arranged from the center of the semicircled key.

5. A safety lock comprising a cylinder, and a number of discs therein arranged to revolve on their centres, sai'd discs being provided with semicircular axial holes, uniform in size and shape and through which holes the key extends, said discs being also fitted with notches in the periphery, and so arranged that one side of the notch facilitates the lifting of a fastening bolt, the notches being arranged in definite, variable position in relation to the key hole, said cylinder having recesses, one side of each of which is slanting, to facilitate the movement of the fastening bolt, said discs being operated by a key to cause the notches to forni a straight axial groove in which a fastenn ing bolt may enter.

6. A safety lock comprising a cylinder, and a number of discs therein arranged to revolve on their centres, said discs being provided with semicircular axial holes, unia straight axial groove in which a fastening bolt inay enten, one 'of thevrdiscs4 forming; a guide in oiclei to` asceitain7 that the v.key be turned back to its entering' position hefore it may be removed.

In testimony whereof affix mysignatniie in presence of two'` Witnesses.

EML VTILHELM HENRKSSON- Witnesses: e

E. ERIKssoN, ESTER MURTOVAARA. 

